Stability of narrow beams in bulk Kerr-type nonlinear media

We consider (2 + 1)-dimensional beams, whose transverse size may be comparable to or smaller than the carrier wavelength, on the basis of an extended version of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation derived from Maxwell's equations. As this equation is very cumbersome, we also study, in parallel, its simplified version, which keeps the most essential term, namely the term that accounts for the nonlinear diffraction. The full equation additionally includes terms generated by a deviation from the paraxial approximation and by a longitudinal electric-field component in the beam. Solitary-wave stationary solutions to both the full and simplified equations are found, treating the terms that modify the nonlinear Schrodinger equation as perturbations. Within the framework of the perturbative approach, a conserved power of the beam is obtained in an explicit form. It is found that the nonlinear diffraction affects stationary beams Much stronger than nonparaxiality and longitudinal field. Stability of the beams is directly tested by simulating the simplified equation, with initial configurations taken as predicted by the perturbation theory. The numerically generated solitary beams are always stable and never start to collapse, although they display periodic internal vibrations, whose amplitude decreases with the increase of the beam power.