Qualitative Analysis of the Antimicrobial, Phytochemical and GC-MS profile of the Stem ethanolic extract from Anodendron borneense (King & Gamble)

Medicinal plants have long been recognized as a source of bioactive agents, and they continue to be a valuable resource for developing new drug prospects. In Mindanao, many indigenous plants are still used in treating multiple health issues. One of them is Anodendron borneense (King & Gamble) D.J. Middleton, locally known as "Lunas tag-uli" or "himag". Even with numerous ethnomedicinal uses of this species, its pharmacological properties still need evaluation. This study's primary objective was to understand some of the basis of the ethnomedicinal claims by assessing the extract's antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, including a qualitative identification of bioactive compounds. The results showed growth inhibition against the positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and two fungal organisms - Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Phytochemical screening revealed abundant flavonoids and saponins and a moderate level of steroids but showed weak antioxidant activity. Twenty-five (25) bioactive compounds were reported in many studies to have varied pharmacological activities and importance. The research findings may highlight the significance of the ethnomedicinal value of A. borneense and as a potential source of compounds with medicinal importance.