Irinotecan and oxaliplatin combination, as second-line treatment, in fluoropyrimidine-pretreated advanced colorectal cancer. A phase II study by the hellenic cooperative oncology group (HeCOG)

Background. The management of patients with fluoropyrimidine-resistant advanced colorectal cancer remains investigational. Irinotecan and oxaliplatin have proved effective in first-line treatment in combination with 5-fluorouracil. Study design: From February 1998 to September 2002, 34 patients with 5-fluorouracil-pretreated advanced colorectal cancer were enrolled in the study. Median age was 67 years (range, 3276) and median performance status was 1. Twenty-one patients had multiple liver metastases. Other sites of disease included lungs, abdomen, pelvis, lymph nodes, bones and skin. They received six 28-day cycles. of oxaliplatin (85 mg/m(2) in a 2-h infusion on days 1 and 15) and irinotecan (80 mg/m(2) in a 30-minute infusion on days 1, 8 and 15 immediately following oxaliplatin). Results: Thirteen patients (39%) completed treatment. The most common grade III-IV toxicities were diarrhea (27%), anemia (6%), neutropenia (18%), alopecia (6%) and peripheral neuropathy (6%). Thirteen patients (39%) received G-CSF support, and there were 2 episodes of febrile neutropenia. There were no treatment-related deaths. Six patients (18%) had a partial remission and another 11 (33%), disease stabilization. There were no complete remissions. Median time to progression was 6.6 months (range, 0.8-20.1) and median survival 10.6 months (range, 0.8-52.9). Conclusions: Irinotecan and oxaliplatin combination has modest activity as second,line treatment of 5-fluorouracil-resistant advanced colorectal cancer. Further research is warranted for the development of: more effective and less toxic regimens in this setting.