Measuring Turbulent Motion in Planet-forming Disks with ALMA: A Detection around DM Tau and Nondetections around MWC 480 and V4046 Sgr

被引：131

作者：

Flaherty, Kevin ^{[1
,2
]}

Hughes, A. Meredith ^{[3
]}

Simon, Jacob B. ^{[4
,5
,6
,7
]}

Qi, Chunhua ^{[8
]}

Bai, Xue-Ning ^{[9
,10
]}

Bulatek, Alyssa ^{[11
]}

Andrews, Sean M. ^{[8
]}

Wilner, David J. ^{[8
]}

Kospal, Agnes ^{[12
,13
,14
]}

机构：

[1] Williams Coll, Dept Astron, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA

[2] Williams Coll, Dept Phys, Williamstown, MA 01267 USA

[3] Wesleyan Univ, Astron Dept, Van Vleck Observ, 96 Foss Hill Dr, Middletown, CT 06459 USA

[4] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50010 USA

[5] Southwest Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA

[6] Univ Colorado, JILA, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[7] NIST, 440 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309 USA

[8] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[9] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Adv Study, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[10] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China

[11] Macalester Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 1600 Grand Ave, St Paul, MN 55105 USA

[12] Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Konkoly Observ, Konkoly Thege Moklos Ut 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary

[13] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany

[14] ELIE Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Phys, Pazmany Peter Setany 1-A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2020年 / 895卷 / 02期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

Protoplanetary disks; Planet formation; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; T-TAURI; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; YOUNG STARS; ACCRETION; CHEMISTRY; EVOLUTION; DISCS; CO; HD-163296;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/ab8cc5

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Turbulence is a crucial factor in many models of planet formation, but it has only been directly constrained among a small number of planet-forming disks. Building on the upper limits on turbulence placed in disks around HD 163296 and TW Hya, we present ALMA CO J = 2-1 line observations at similar to 03 (20-50 au) resolution and 80 ms(-1) channel spacing of the disks around DM Tau, MWC 480, and V4046 Sgr. Using parametric models of disk structure, we robustly detect nonthermal gas motions around DM Tau of between 0.25c(s) and 0.33c(s), with the range dominated by systematic effects, making this one of the only systems with directly measured nonzero turbulence. Using the same methodology, we place stringent upper limits on the nonthermal gas motion around MWC 480 (c(s)) and V4046 Sgr (c(s)). The preponderance of upper limits in this small sample and the modest turbulence levels consistent with dust studies suggest that weak turbulence (alpha less than or similar to 10(-3)) may be a common, albeit not universal, feature of planet-forming disks. We explore the particular physical conditions around DM Tau that could lead this system to be more turbulent than the others.

引用

页数：18