Code generation for single-dimension software pipelining of multi-dimensional loops

Traditionally, software pipelining is applied either to the innermost loop of a given loop nest or from the innermost loop to the outer loops. In a companion paper we proposed a scheduling method, called Single-dimension Software Pipelining (SSP), to software pipeline a multi-dimensional loop nest at an arbitrary loop level. In this paper we describe our solution to SSP code generation. In contrast to traditional software pipelining, SSP handles two distinct repetitive patterns, and thus requires new code generation algorithms. Further these two distinct repetitive patterns complicate register assignment and require two levels of register renaming. As rotating registers support renaming at only one level, our solution is based on a combination of dynamic register renaming (using rotating registers) and static register renaming (using code replication). Finally, code size increase, an even more important issue for SSP than for traditional software-pipelining, is also addressed Optimizations are proposed to reduce code size without significant performance degradation. We first present a code generation scheme and subsequently implement it for the IA-64 architecture, making effective use of rotating registers and predicated execution. We present some initial experimental results, which demonstrate not only the feasibility and correctness of our code generation scheme, but also its code quality.