Timing and Frequency Offsets Compensation in Relay Transmission for 3GPP LTE Uplink

Relays can be used between the source and the destination to improve network coverage or reliability. In the relay based distributed space-time block-coded (DSTBC) single-carrier (SC) transmission scheme, asynchronism in time and frequency causes degradation in system performance because of the interblock interference, non-coherent combining and multiuser interference. The simultaneous presence of timing offset and carrier frequency offset also destroy the orthogonal structure of DSTBC. In this paper, we study the combined effect of timing offset and carrier frequency offset and propose a two stage equalization technique for this system at the destination terminal. Technique is based on interference cancellation and cyclic prefix reconstruction. The proposed equalization technique maintains the orthogonal structure of DSTBC and allows the use of low complexity one-tap frequency-domain equalizer. The technique significantly alleviates the effect of time offsets and frequency offsets at the destination without increasing the complexity of the receiver or disturbing the 3(rd) generation partnership project-long term evolution (3GPP LTE) uplink frame structure or the data rate over frequency selective channels.