The Yorktown Formation: Improved Stratigraphy, Chronology, and Paleoclimate Interpretations from the U.S. Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain

被引:7
|
作者
Dowsett, Harry J. [1 ]
Robinson, Marci M. [1 ]
Foley, Kevin M. [1 ]
Herbert, Timothy D. [2 ]
机构
[1] US Geol Survey, Florence Bascom Geosci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA
[2] Brown Univ, Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Pliocene; Piacenzian; Yorktown; paleoclimate; paleoecology; Atlantic Coastal Plain; alkenones; UNITED-STATES; PLIOCENE CLIMATE; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; PLIOMIP2; SIMULATIONS; SOUTH ATLANTIC; GLOBAL CLIMATE; ARCTIC-OCEAN; SEA-LEVEL; CLOSURE; PANAMA;
D O I
10.3390/geosciences11120486
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
The Yorktown Formation records paleoclimate conditions along the mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain during the mid-Piacenzian Warm Period (3.264 to 3.025 Ma), a climate interval of the Pliocene in some ways analogous to near future climate projections. To gain insight into potential near future changes, we investigated Yorktown Formation outcrops and cores in southeastern Virginia, refining the stratigraphic framework. We analyzed 485 samples for alkenone-based sea surface temperature (SST) and productivity estimates from the Holland and Dory cores, an outcrop at Morgarts Beach, Virginia, and the lectostratotype of the Yorktown Formation at Rushmere, Virginia, and analyzed planktonic foraminferal assemblage data from the type section. Using the structure of the SST record, we improved the chronology of the Yorktown Formation by establishing the maximum age ranges of the Rushmere (3.3-3.2 Ma) and Morgarts Beach (3.2-3.15 Ma) Members. SST values for these members average ~26 degrees C, corroborating existing sclerochronological data. Increasing planktonic foraminifer abundance, productivity, and species diversity parallel increasing SST over the MIS M2/M1 transition. These records constitute the greatest temporal concentration of paleoecological estimates within the Yorktown Formation, aiding our understanding of western North Atlantic temperature patterns, seasonality and ocean circulation during this interval. We provide a chronologic framework for future studies analyzing ecological responses to profound climate change.
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页数:21
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