Effect of ternary blends diesel/n-propanol/composite biodiesel on diesel engine operating parameters

This study investigates the engine performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder four-stroke compression ignition engine using novel composite oil biodiesel with n-propanol and diesel fuel -based ternary fuel blends and compared with binary fuel blends. The composite biodiesel is derived from an equal proportion of waste cooking oil and Ambadi seed oil. The four ternary blends of composite biodiesel (10%, 15%, 20%), n-propanol(10%, 15%, 20%) -diesel, and two binary blends of waste cooking oil biodiesel(10%, 20%) with diesel (were prepared. The chemical characteristics of different blends were evaluated as per stan-dards. B10PROP20(10 vol% composite biodiesel, diesel 70 vol%, n-propanol 20 vol%) shows maximum peak cylinder pressure and peak heat release rate of 9.21% and 21.24% higher compared to B30(30 vol % WCO biodiesel, 70 vol % diesel). The experimental results indicated an improvement of 3.99% in the brake thermal efficiency with n-propanol blend fuel compared to the B30 blend at 100% load. Ternary fuel blend B10PROP20 revealed similar results to diesel fuel for BSFC at the entire load cycle. With ternary fuel, the HC and CO emission reduced significantly. The testing with ternary fuel blend B10PROP20 showed a reduction in NOx emission in the range of 10.11-16.13% and 22.51-51.41% compared to diesel and binary fuel B30, respectively, and also enhanced engine performance, combustion, and performance characteristics. Overall, the engine characteristics with ternary fuel blends of composite biodiesel, especially B10PROP20, were noteworthy, suggesting they may significantly reduce the fossil fuel demand while also acting as an environment-friendly agent.