Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and alternative brominated flame retardants in air and seawater of the European Arctic

被引：176
|
作者：
Moeller, Axel [1 ]
Xie, Zhiyong [1 ]
Sturm, Renate [1 ]
Ebinghaus, Ralf [1 ]
机构：
[1] Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Ctr Mat & Coastal Res, Inst Coastal Res, Dept Environm Chem, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany
来源：
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION | 2011年 / 159卷 / 06期
关键词：
Flame retardants; PBDE; Hexabromobenzene; 2,3-Dibromopropyl-2.4.6-tribromophenyl ether; Air-seawater exchange; Arctic; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT; DRY DEPOSITION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; ATMOSPHERIC OCCURRENCE; DECHLORANE PLUS; WATER;
D O I：
10.1016/j.envpol.2011.02.054
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
The spatial distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and several alternative non-PBDE, non-regulated brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in air and seawater and the air-seawater exchange was investigated in East Greenland Sea using high-volume air and water samples. Total PBDE concentrations ((10PBDEs)-P-6) ranged from 0.09 to 1.8 pg m(-3) in the atmosphere and from 0.03 to 0.64 pg L-1 in seawater. Two alternative BFRs, Hexabromobenzene (HBB) and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE), showed similar concentrations and spatial trends as PBDEs. The air seawater gas exchange was dominated by deposition with fluxes up to -492 and -1044 pg m(-2) day(-1) for BDE-47 and DPTE, respectively. This study shows the first occurrence of HBB, DPTE and other alternative flame retardants (e.g., pentabromotoluene (PBT)) in the Arctic atmosphere and seawater indicating that they have a similar long-range atmospheric transport potential (LART) as the banned PBDEs. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码：1577 / 1583
页数：7
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