RETRACTED: Multilevel Predictors of Math Classroom Climate: A Comparison Study of Student and Teacher Perceptions (Retracted Article)

Math classroom climate has been linked with math achievement and is often a potential target of school reform initiatives. This study examined the extent to which student and teacher perceptions differed as a function of individual, classroom, and school characteristics. Data came from 2,950 seventh graders in 134 math classes within 25 middle schools. Multilevel analyses indicated that classroom-level characteristics exerted greater influence upon the classroom perceptions of both students and teachers than school-level characteristics. Furthermore, only small correlations were found between student and teacher reports on promotion of collaboration and provision of autonomy support. Finally, the effect of within-class ability grouping on classroom climate varied by class size and heterogeneity among classmates’ math ability. © 2014 The Authors.