Plant Growth Inhibitory Activity and the Response of Different Rootstocks to Soil Sickness Syndrome in Japanese Pear Tree

被引:0
|
作者
Toya, Tomoaki [1 ]
Oshida, Masayoshi [2 ]
Appiah, Kwame Sarpong [3 ,4 ]
Takita, Jun [5 ]
Fujii, Yoshiharu [3 ]
机构
[1] Chiba Prefectural Off, Chiba Agr Off, Midori Ku, 473-2 Ookanazawa Cho, Chiba 2660014, Japan
[2] Chiba Prefectural Off, Chiba Prefectural Agr & Forestry Res Ctr, Midori Ku, 180-1 Ookanazawa Cho, Chiba 2660014, Japan
[3] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Int & Innovat Agr Sci, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 1838538, Japan
[4] Univ Ghana, Coll Basic & Appl Sci, Dept Crop Sci, POB LG 44, Legon, Accra, Ghana
[5] NittoBest Corp, Cent Res Inst, 4-27 Saiwai Cho, Yamagata 9918610, Japan
来源
AGRONOMY-BASEL | 2022年 / 12卷 / 09期
关键词
growth inhibitory substances; inhibitory activity in the tree; inhibition rate of soil; rootstock; RHIZOSPHERE SOIL; EVALUATE; ARBUTIN; ACID; FIG;
D O I
10.3390/agronomy12092067
中图分类号
S3 [农学(农艺学)];
学科分类号
0901 ;
摘要
Soil sickness syndrome in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai) affects the growth of the tree and decreases fruit yield. This study investigated the growth-inhibitory activity in Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia (Burm.f.) Nakai) using the rhizosphere soil assay method to elucidate the characteristics of growth-inhibitory substances in Japanese pears. As a result, the root bark had the highest growth inhibitory activity during the growing season of the Japanese pear. For comparative analysis, the growth-inhibitory activities of Japanese apricots (Prunus mume Sieb. Et Zucc.) and figs (Ficus carica L.) were also investigated. Similar to the Japanese pear, the root bark of Japanese apricots and figs had a higher inhibition rate than the root pith. Like Japanese apricots and figs, it was inferred that the growth inhibitory substances accumulate in the bark of the Japanese pear. Furthermore, soil sickness syndrome in Japanese pear saplings did not occur when a fragment of Japanese pear shoots or thick roots was mixed with non-pear soil (soil with no history of Japanese pear cultivation). Based on these findings, it is considered that the condition of soil sickness in Japanese pear is caused by the accumulation of phenolic compounds such as arbutin, which is accumulated in the bark of the tree, secreted from the roots, and subsequently builds up in the soil. Additionally, the degree of occurrence of soil sickness syndrome depending on the rootstock was clarified. It was observed that the rate of growth inhibition was significantly higher in Pyrus betulifolia (Birchleaf pear) than in Pyrus pyrifolia (Japanese pear). Even when Japanese pear trees were planted in soils with no history of Japanese pear cultivation, the initial growth of P. betulifolia was 1.4 times that of P. pyrifolia. It is suggested that P. betulifolia is weak against soil sickness, but is excellent at initial growth itself. Our findings are important because P. pyrifolia is used for cultivation, in combination with other mitigation measures, such as soil dressing in replanted fields.
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页数:12
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