CRIMEAN-CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER VIRUS, TICKS AND BASE MEASURES

Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever of the Nairovirus, of the Bunyaviridae family of viruses. CCHF virus possesses a negative-sense RNA genome consisting of three RNA segments: the large (L), medium (M), and small (S) segments. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high. It seems likely that genetic reassortment may primarily occur during coinfection of ticks due to the transient nature Of vertebrate infections relative to the long-term persistent virus infections seen in ticks and their obligation to obtain blood meals at metamorphic junctures. Substantially, movement of genetic lineages of CCHF virus, particularly over greater distances and between regions not linked by livestock trade, likely also involves migratory animals or birds that are either infected or are carrying virus-infected ticks. Consequently, however migratory birds those mediate genetic lineages of CCHF exist critical point for CCHF struggle such as avian influenza, ticks should be targeted at first. Especially, fields with high risk should be out of order for pasturing and disinfected with repellent medicines. Acaricide treatment of livestock in CCHFV endemic areas is effective in reducing the population of infected ticks.