Quantum Stackelberg oligopoly

We have applied the "minimal" quantization scheme to investigate the quantization of the classical Stackelberg oligopoly. In particular, we have examined how the quantum entanglement affects the first-mover advantage in the Stackelberg game. It is found that the first-mover advantage can be destroyed and turn into a disadvantage under appropriate conditions. That is, the second-mover advantage can be realized in the quantum Stackelberg oligopoly. This surprising feature raises a challenging question to each of the players in the quantum game: "Should I move first or not?"