Effect of sintering temperature and binder addition on the properties of cupola slag glass-ceramic tiles

The present study aims to investigate the characteristics of cupola furnace slag and to explore its compatibility for the production of ceramic tiles. The glass-ceramic tiles were prepared via a simple powder metallurgy method. The major constituents of the powdered slag are SiO2 and CaO. During thermal processing, CaO-based complex oxides such as wollastonite and anorthite were formed, which was found to be influential in improving the mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics. Significant improvement in the mechanical and thermal properties was obtained by the addition of 2 wt% phosphate binders in the sample. Crystallization of the glassy phases initiated when the sample sintered above 900 degrees C. Sintering above 1100 degrees C caused formation of micro-cracks in the matrix. The characteristics of the prepared tiles were compared with the International standards for semi-vitreous floor tiles (ISO 13006-B2a). The results indicate that cupola furnace slag may successfully be used for the manufacturing of ceramic tiles.