Board Independence and Firm Performance

The board of directors is a collective body that should act in the best interest of shareholders. The board requires the combination of executive and non-executive directors to pursue the shareholders' interest. The non-executive directors on the board will not be able to exercise their duties effectively, unless they are independence from management and ensure they provides unbiased business judgment. Independent directors are the person entrusted by shareholders to represent them and will help to reduce agency problems. Further, the Code of Corporate Governance and regulators recommend the composition of board members should be balanced and consist of independent directors. However, mere compliance with the recommendations is not enough if the independent directors fail to exercise their functions effectively. A study has been carried out in a few countries by examining board independence and firm performance. The results showed a mixed association between proportions of independent directors and firm performance. Although the companies comprised the highest number of independent directors, it would not assure to enhance firm performance. Thus, the existence of independent directors on board should be monitored in order to bring positive shareholder values. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.