Pan-African high-pressure metamorphism in the Precambrian basement of the Menderes Massif, western Anatolia, turkey

The Menderes Massif is made up of Pan-African basement and a Paleozoic to Early Tertiary cover sequence imbricated by Late Alpine deformation. The Precambrian basement comprises primarily medium- to high-grade schists, paragneisses, migmatites, orthogneisses, metagranites, charnockites, and metagabbros. High-pressure relies in the Pan-African basement are divided into two groups: eclogites and eclogitic metagabbros. The mineral assemblage in the eclogites is omphacite (Jd 44)-garnet-clinozoisite-rutile. The eclogites occur as pods and boudinaged layers in the basement schists and paragneisses. Inclusions found in the cores of the garnets indicate a medium-pressure protolith. The eclogitic metagabbros are closely related to Precambrian gabbroic stocks. The igneous texture and relic magmatic phases are preserved in these high-pressure rocks, which are characterized by the mineral assemblage omphacite (Jd 25)-garnet-rutile +/- kyanite. The P-T conditions of the Pan-African high-pressure metamorphism in the eclogites are estimated to be 644 degreesC with a minimum pressure of approximately 15 kbar. The eclogites are partly to completely retrograded to garnet amphibolites by a Barrovian-type overprint which developed under isothermal decompression conditions. For this post-eclogitic event, the P-T estimates are 7 kbar and 623 degreesC. The eclogite relies provide strong support for a correlation of the Menderes Massif with the Bitlis Massif in terms of common Pan-African high-pressure evolution.