The psychological adaptation of psychologists in clinical training: The role of cognition, coping and social support

The current study sought to profile the psychological adaptation of psychologists in clinical training and examine the extent to which appraisal, coping and social support were related to psychological adaptation. A cross-sectional survey questionnaire design was used. A sample of 183 psychologists in clinical training (60.2% response rate) from 15 British clinical psychology training courses participated. They completed measures of cognition (appraisals of threat and control over course-related stressors), coping and social support. a multidimensional assessment of psychological adaptation included measures of perceived stress, self-esteem, anxiety and depression. Trainee clinical psychologists reported high levels of stress, but did not experience extensive problems of psychological adaptation in terms of anxiety, depression, self-esteem problems, marital problems, family problems, external stressors, interpersonal conflict, work adjustment or substance abuse. However, a significant subgroup reported self-esteem problems, work adjustment problems, depression and anxiety. Gender, age, current clinical placement and training course were related to psychological adaptation. Appraisal processes, coping and social support predicted a significant amount of variation in psychological adaptation. Appraisals of threat, avoidance coping, emotional support from clinical supervisors, emotional support from courses and emotional support from a confidante at home all predicted the variance in psychological adaptation. The findings were discussed in terms of a cognitive theory of stress and adaptation and implications for clinical psychology training were considered. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.