Secure Multi-Party Quantum Computation Based on Blind Quantum Computation

Blind quantum computation (BQC) allows quantum-limited clients to delegate their quantum-computing tasks to a remote quantum server while keep their inputs, outputs, and algorithms private during the computation. Secure multi-party computation aims to solve the problem of collaborative calculations among a group of distrustful participants. Although BQC has been used to solve the problem of secure two-party quantum computation, the case of multiple clients carrying out collaborative calculations has not been considered. In this paper, a quantum secure three-party computation protocol is proposed based on BQC, and the protocol is further extended to a quantum secure multi-party computation protocol. Using the blindness of BQC, the problem of privacy of clients' data in quantum secure multi-party computation is solved. Moreover, in the preparation stage of the protocols, the initial states only need to be encrypted once, which is simpler than previous protocols.