Simulation of MHD free convection inside a square enclosure filled porous foam

MHD natural convection of Fe3O4-water suspension in the presence of magnetic field of solenoid inside a porous enclosure was numerically simulated. Computational fluid dynamic based on finite volume method were exerted to break and solve the PDEs equations. A solenoid was embedded around the cavity for generating a non-uniform magnetic field. The vertical walls of enclosure were maintained at uniform temperatures of T-h and T-c and horizontal walls were insulated. Many cases have been simulated to understand the impacts of porous Rayleigh numbers of 10-1000, volume fractions of 0-4%, porosities of 0.5-0.9, and Hartmann numbers 0 to 120. Findings indicate that the presence of magnetic field had a positive effect on heat transfer in low porous Rayleigh number and high Hartmann number, for all porosities. In highest porosity and 4% volume fraction, Nusselt number increased 140%; whereas at high Rap, the presence of a weak magnetic field decreased the heat transfer rate.