Regulation of Molecular Targets in Osteosarcoma Treatment

被引:9
|
作者
Celik, Betul [1 ,2 ]
Cicek, Kader [1 ,2 ]
Leal, Andres Felipe [2 ]
Tomatsu, Shunji [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Delaware, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA
[2] Nemours Alfred I DuPont Hosp Children, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
gene silencing and knockdown; lentiviral vectors; osteosarcoma; RNAi; shRNA; siRNA; miRNA; MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; ACID ACYLTRANSFERASE-BETA; LPAAT-BETA; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SIGNALING PATHWAY; SUPPRESSES GROWTH; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; KEY MOLECULE; IN-VIVO; PROLIFERATION;
D O I
10.3390/ijms232012583
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
The most prevalent malignant bone tumor, osteosarcoma, affects the growth plates of long bones in adolescents and young adults. Standard chemotherapeutic methods showed poor response rates in patients with recurrent and metastatic phases. Therefore, it is critical to develop novel and efficient targeted therapies to address relapse cases. In this regard, RNA interference technologies are encouraging options in cancer treatment, in which small interfering RNAs regulate the gene expression following RNA interference pathways. The determination of target tissue is as important as the selection of tissue-specific promoters. Moreover, small interfering RNAs should be delivered effectively into the cytoplasm. Lentiviral vectors could encapsulate and deliver the desired gene into the cell and integrate it into the genome, providing long-term regulation of targeted genes. Silencing overexpressed genes promote the tumor cells to lose invasiveness, prevents their proliferation, and triggers their apoptosis. The uniqueness of cancer cells among patients requires novel therapeutic methods that treat patients based on their unique mutations. Several studies showed the effectiveness of different approaches such as microRNA, drug- or chemotherapy-related methods in treating the disease; however, identifying various targets was challenging to understanding disease progression. In this regard, the patient-specific abnormal gene might be targeted using genomics and molecular advancements such as RNA interference approaches. Here, we review potential therapeutic targets for the RNA interference approach, which is applicable as a therapeutic option for osteosarcoma patients, and we point out how the small interfering RNA method becomes a promising approach for the unmet challenge.
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页数:19
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