Assessment of metacognition:: I -: Independent measures.

In this paper, independent measures in metacognitive assessment are reviewed. These measures aim to investigate the metacognitive knowledge that a subject possesses about his or her own cognitive limits. The measures are characterized by data collected without concurrent cognitive assessment. Verbal measures (interview, questionnaire), measures involving devices supporting verbalization. and nonverbal measures are distinguished. The interests and limits of independent measures are discussed, with emphasis on the metacognition-cognition relationship.