Complications in bone augmentation procedures for pre-implant purposes: Avoidance and therapy

Esthetics and function in placing implants often require additional hard tissue augmentation. This can be performed either simultaneously with implant placement or in a staged procedure. Because of the augmentation procedure, the risk of possible complications increases. These can be intra- or postoperative and appear as early or late complications. Prerequisite for reducing complications are an exact evaluation of the medical history and precise surgical planning. A basic requirement for a healthy environment in the mouth, and therefore for a successful surgery, is preoperative preventive dentistry, primarily consisting of periodontal treatment. Also, a minimally invasive and atraumatic surgical protocol and precise prosthodontic treatment reduce complications and facilitate a successful augmentation procedure with long-term stability of the implants.