Improved Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric And Electrostrictive Properties Of Dense BaTiO3 Ceramic

The ferroelectric, piezoelectric and electrostrictive properties of BaTiO3 (BT) dense ceramic synthesized by solid-state reaction were investigated. X-ray diffraction study confirmed tetragonal crystal structure having c/a similar to 1.0144. The dense microstructure was evidenced from morphological studies with an average grain size similar to 7.8 mu m. Temperature dependent dielectric measurement showed the maximum values of dielectric constant, epsilon(r) = 5617 at Curie temperature, T-c = 125 degrees C. The saturation and remnant polarization, P-sat = 24.13 mu C/cm(2) and P-r = 10.42 mu C/cm(2) achieved respectively for the first time with lower coercive field of E-c = 2.047 kV/cm. The polarization current density-electric field measurement exhibits the peaking characteristics, confirms the saturation state of polarization for BT. The strain-electric field measurements revealed the "sprout" shape nature instead of typical "butterfly loop". This shows the excellent converse piezoelectric response with remnant strain similar to 0.212% and converse piezoelectric constant d*(33) similar to 376.35 pm/V. The intrinsic electrostrictive coefficient was deduced from the variation of strain with polarization with electrostrictive coefficient Q(33)similar to 0.03493m(4)/C-2.