Green tea catechins in combination with irinotecan attenuates tumorigenesis and treatment-associated toxicity in an inflammation-associated colon cancer mice model

Background: Administration of green tea (GT) catechins has been reported to ensue antitumor activity in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs against different cancer types. Irinotecan (IRN) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic drug against various types of cancer including colon cancer along with its analogous dose-limiting side effects viz. diarrhea, neutropenia, leucopenia, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as major toxicities. Methods: In this study, we investigated the antitumor effects of GT alone or in combination with IRN in inflammation-associated colon cancer mouse model induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). We also evaluated the effect of GT- on IRN-induced toxicity and histopathological alterations. Animals were divided into six groups (n = 5 per group). After induction of cancer model, animals were treated with GT and/or IRN. We observed the inflammation, tumor progression, and ameliorative effects of GT and IRN alone or in combination. Results: Because of antioxidant potential of GT, IRN-induced toxicity ameliorative effect of GT was also studied in combined treated groups. It was found that co-administration of IRN and GT significantly decreased number of tumors and simultaneously was found to ameliorate diarrhea along with leucopenia and neutropenia. Besides these, mitigation of adenomatous characters and NAFLD was also observed in the IRN- and GT-treated group when analyzed histologically. Conclusions: GT significantly reduced the toxicity induced by IRN in terms of diarrhea, neutropenia, leucopenia, and NAFLD and works as an effective anticancer agent as it mitigates histopathology of colon adenocarcinoma.