During a study of bacterial diversity in forest soil, strain G-3-2(T), a Gram-stain-negative, light brown-coloured, non-motile, rod-or coccoid-shaped bacterium, was isolated. It was able to grow at 15-37 degrees C, at pH 5.5-10.0 and at 0-0.5% (w/v) NaCl concentration. The strain was taxonomically characterized by a polyphasic approach. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain G-3-2(T) belongs to the genus Ramlibacter and is closely related to Ramlibacter ginsenosidimutans BXN5-27(T) (98.69% sequence similarity), Ramlibacter henchirensis TMB834(T) (96.98 %), Ramlibacter tataouinensis TTB310(T) (96.49 %) and Ramlibacter solisilvae 5-10(T) (96.42 %). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The predominant fatty acids of strain G-3-2(T) were C-16:0, summed feature 3 (C-16 (:) (1)omega 7c and/or C-16 (:) (1)omega 6c), C-17 : 0 cyclo, summed feature 8 (C-18 : 1 omega 7c and/or C-18 : 1 omega 6c) and C-10 : 0 3-OH. The genomic DNA G+C content of this novel strain was 68.9 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness between strain G-3- 2(T) and R. ginsenosidimutans BXN5-27(T) was 44.7 %, which falls below the threshold value of 70% for the strain to be considered as novel. The morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses clearly distinguished this strain from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. Thus, strain G-3-2(T) represents a novel species of the genus Ramlibacter, for which the name Ramlibacter monticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is G-3-2(T) (=KEMB 9005-573(T) = KACC 19175(T) = JCM 31918(T)).