Mouse Models for the Study of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

被引:19
|
作者
Knight, Audrey C. [1 ,2 ]
Montgomery, Stephanie A. [1 ,3 ]
Fletcher, Craig A. [1 ,3 ]
Baxter, Victoria K. [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
[2] Univ N Carolina, Inst Global Hlth & Infect Dis, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
[3] Univ N Carolina, Div Comparat Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA
关键词
ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 4; FUNCTIONAL RECEPTOR; SARS CORONAVIRUS; FATAL COVID-19; MICE; DISEASE; GENE; GENERATION;
D O I
10.30802/AALAS-CM-21-000031
中图分类号
S85 [动物医学(兽医学)];
学科分类号
0906 ;
摘要
Mice are an invaluable resource for studying virus-induced disease. They are a small, genetically modifiable animal for which a large arsenal of genetic and immunologic tools is available for evaluation of pathogenesis and potential vaccines and therapeutics. SARS-CoV-2, the betacoronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, does not naturally replicate in wild-type mice, due to structural differences between human and mouse ACE2, the primary receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. However, several mouse strains have been developed that allow for SARS-CoV-2 replication and clinical disease. Two broad strategies have primarily been deployed for developing mouse strains susceptible to COVID-19-like disease: adding in the human ACE2 gene and adapting the virus to the mouse ACE2 receptor. Both approaches result in mice that develop several of the clinical and pathologic hallmarks of COVID-19, including acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury. In this review, we describe key acute pulmonary and extrapulmonary pathologic changes seen in COVID-19 patients that mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection ideally replicate, the essential development of mouse models for the study of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome and the basis of many of the models of COVID-19, and key clinical and pathologic features of currently available mouse models of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
引用
收藏
页码:383 / 397
页数:15
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