Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma: case report and literature review

The number of reported cases of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is increasing along with attention and discussion amongst physicians. After first being described in 1997, the World Health Organization in 2016 classified BIA-ALCL as a mature T cell neoplasm. This increasing acknowledgment and awareness will help in guiding management towards appropriate diagnosis and effective treatment. BIA-ALCL is originally a T-cell lymphoma, where the malignant T-cells have a large pleomorphic and anaplastic morphology. The immuno-histochemistry expresses immuno-reactivity to CD30. It is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) surface receptor negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma. We present an additional case of BIA-ALCL, the presentation and management; and provide an overview of the literature related to this condition.