Application of Bayesian statistical inference and decision theory to a fundamental problem in natural resource science: the adaptive management of an endangered species

A fundamental problem of interest to contemporary natural resource scientists is that of assessing whether a critical population parameter such as population proportion p has been maintained above (or below) a specified critical threshold level p,. This problem has been traditionally analyzed using frequentist estimation of parameters with confidence intervals or frequentist hypothesis testing. Bayesian statistical analysis provides an alternative approach that has many advantages. It has a more intuitive interpretation, providing probability assessments of parameters. It provides the Bayesian logic of "if (data), then probability (parameters)" rather than the frequentist logic of "if (parameters), then probability (data)." It provides a sequential; cumulative, scientific approach to analysis; using prior information and reassessing the probability distribution of parameters for adaptive management decision making. It has been integrated with decision theory and provides estimates of risk. Natural resource scientists have the opportunity of using Bayesian statistical analysis to their advantage now that this alternative approach to statistical inference has become practical and accessible.