Advances of graphene- and graphene oxide-modified cementitious materials

Emerging nanomaterials provide an invaluable opportunity for the development of cementitious materials. Many scholars have explored the influence of graphene (GP) and graphene oxide (GO) on the performance of the cementitious materials. This article reviews the previous research on the effect of GP and GO on the properties of cementitious materials. Detailed review of the mechanical properties and durability of cementitious materials containing GP or GO nanofilms is presented, and the mechanism is discussed. The mechanical properties of GO-cementitious materials are significantly enhanced. The optimal improvement of GO-modified compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths is 77.3%, 78.3%, and 78.6%, respectively. The durability of GO- and GP-modified cementitious material is compared with the control group. The incorporation of GP or GO significantly improves the sulfate attack resistance, and the transport properties can be decreased, while the frost resistance of GO- and GP-modified cementitious materials needs further research. This literature review shows that the microstructure of GO- and GP-modified cementitious material is improved in three aspects: accelerating the cement hydration, refining the pore structure, and hindering the crack propagation.