Dynamic self-attention with vision synchronization networks for video question answering

Video Question Answering (VideoQA) has gained increasing attention as an important task in understanding the rich spatio-temporal contents, i.e., the appearance and motion in the video. However, existing approaches mainly use the question to learn attentions over all the sampled appearance and motion features separately, which neglect two properties of VideoQA: (1) the answer to the question is often reflected on a few frames and video clips, and most video contents are superfluous; (2) appearance and motion features are usually concomitant and complementary to each other in time series. In this paper, we propose a novel VideoQA model, i.e., Dynamic Self-Attention with Vision Synchronization Networks (DSAVS), to address these problems. Specifically, a gated token selection mechanism is proposed to dynamically select the important tokens from appearance and motion sequences. These chosen tokens are fed into a self-attention mechanism to model the internal dependencies for more effective representation learning. To capture the correlation between the appearance and motion features, a vision synchronization block is proposed to synchronize the two types of vision features at the time slice level. Then, the visual objects can be correlated with their corresponding activities and the performance is further improved. Extensive experiments conducted on three public VideoQA data sets confirm the effectivity and superiority of our model compared with state-of-the-art methods.(c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.