Determining the potential for Transit Oriented Development along the MRT Jakarta corridor

Rapid population growth has increased the mobility of people, which leads to traffic congestion. Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a planning approach that is being adopted in many cities as it favours to reduce private vehicle usage by developing mass transit stations around high-density mixed land use and walkable (and cycle-able) environments. However, TOD development needs good strategies learned from historical and current conditions. In this research, we measured the current conditions of proposed TOD areas in thirteen MRT stations in Jakarta to determine the potential TOD development. These thirteen stations were divided into three types based on environmental characteristics of the station location such as CBD, urban, and neighbourhood characteristics. The 5D of built environment variables were used as indicators to examine the potential of TOD areas. Then, stakeholders were involved to fit and weigh the indicators. The weights of the indicators were applied to the Geographic Information System (GIS) platform for quantifying all spatial indicators. TOD indexes for each station were examined to identify potential improvement strategies. Each station is classified as having a high, medium or low TOD index. The results showed that three out of thirteen stations have high levels of TOD; six are classified as having a low TOD level. The low index proposed TOD stations should improve their built-up area, for example by intensifying the floor area ratio (FAR), adding green space, and enhancing the transit and pedestrian-oriented design. By understanding the specific strategies for different TOD indexes, this paper is intended to support those development areas to improve local urban development towards higher levels of TOD.