Soliton creation and annihilation in Josephson junction in the presence of periodic perturbation

The soliton creation and annihilation processes are demonstrated numerically, in the long overlap Josephson junction in the first, second and third Zero-Field Step (ZFS) cases, using the perturbed sine-Cordon (sG) equation in the presence of periodic point-like weak inhomogeneities. In all the ZFS cases, the created soliton is found to be in a bunched (congealed) mode with the other solitons. The I-V characteristics, corresponding to the kink dynamics under a de bias, at which the creation and annihilation phenomena demonstrated is compared with that-of an anti-kink dynamics under the same bias condition.