Systemic Pharmacokinetics of Oxaliplatin After Intraperitoneal Administration by Electrostatic Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (ePIPAC) in Patients with Unresectable Colorectal Peritoneal Metastases in the CRC-PIPAC Trial

Background Electrostatic pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (ePIPAC) is a palliative treatment for unresectable peritoneal metastases from various primary cancers. However, little is known about the systemic pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin after ePIPAC. Methods Twenty patients with unresectable colorectal peritoneal metastases were treated with repetitive ePIPAC monotherapy with oxaliplatin (92 mg/m(2)) and a simultaneous intravenous bolus of leucovorin (20 mg/m(2)) and 5-fluorouracil (400 mg/m(2)). Samples were collected during each ePIPAC: whole blood att = 0,t = 5,t = 10,t = 20,t = 30,t = 60,t = 120,t = 240,t = 360 andt = 1080 min for plasma and plasma ultrafiltrate concentrations; urine att = 0,t = 1,t = 3,t = 5 andt = 7 days. Samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry. Pharmacokinetics were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Results Four patients received one ePIPAC, three patients received two ePIPAC, and thirteen patients received >= 3 ePIPAC. The population pharmacokinetic models adequately described the pharmacokinetics of oxaliplatin after ePIPAC. The plasma ultrafiltrateC(max)of oxaliplatin reached 1.36-1.90 mu g/mL after 30 min with an AUC(0-24 h)of 9.6-11.7 mu g/mL * h. The plasmaC(max)reached 2.67-3.28 mu g/mL after 90 min with an AUC(0-24 h)of 49.0-59.5 mu g/mL * h. The absorption rate constant (Ka) was 1.13/h. Urine concentrations of oxaliplatin rapidly decreased to less than 3.60 mu g/mL in 90% of the samples at day 7. Discussion Systemic exposure to oxaliplatin after ePIPAC seemed comparable to that after systemic chemotherapy, as described in other literature. Since this is an indirect comparison, future research should focus on the direct comparison between the systemic exposure to oxaliplatin after ePIPAC and after systemic chemotherapy.