Study of the expression of receptors to IL4, IL4R genes in trachea and the role of IL4 in contraction of tracheal muscle among rats

This article examines the effect of IL-4 on the contraction of the muscles of the trachea and bronchi of rats, demonstrates the results of studies of the levels of expression of the IL4R gene and the levels of expression of molecular IL4R in the trachea of control and sensitized rats. The choice of this interleukin and its receptors is due to the great importance of these structures in the sensitization and pathogenesis of allergic bronchial asthma. The trachea of 20 Wistar rats were studied using real-time PCR, immunohistochemical method, and mechanography using electrical stimulation of nerve fibers. As a result of the studies, it was found that under sensitization conditions in the rat trachea tissues there is a pronounced expression of IL4R genes, a significant expression of the molecular receptor for interleukin-4, and an increase in the constrictor effect on smooth muscle due to the influence of the cytokine interleukin-4 on it. In tracheal regions containing intramural ganglia (bifurcation region), the level of expression of IL4R genes, the level of expression of the molecular receptor IL4R, and the magnitude of muscle contractile responses in response to interleukin-4 administration were significantly higher than in trachea samples without ganglia.