The Influence of the Head Model Conductor on the Source Localization of Auditory Evoked Potentials

The accuracy of EEG source analysis reconstruction improves when a realistic head volume conductor is modeled. In this study we investigated how the progressively more complex head representations influence the spatial localization of auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs). Fourteen young-adult participants with normal hearing performed the AEP task. Individualized head models were obtained from structural MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging scans collected in a separate session. AEPs were elicited by 1 k Hz and 4 k Hz tone bursts during a passive-listening tetanizing paradigm. We compared the amplitude of the N1 and P2 components before and after 4 min of tetanic-stimulation with 1 k Hz sounds. Current density reconstruction values of both components were investigated in the primary auditory cortex and adjacent areas. Furthermore, we compared the signal topography and magnitude obtained with 10 different head models on the EEG forward solution. Starting from the simplest model (scalp, skull, brain), we investigated the influence of modeling the CSF, distinguishing between GM and WM conductors, and including anisotropic WM values. We localized the activity of AEPs within the primary auditory cortex, but not in adjacent areas. The inclusion of the CSF compartment had the strongest influence on the source reconstruction, whereas white matter anisotropy led to a smaller improvement. We conclude that individualized realistic head models provide the best solution for the forward solution when modeling the CSF conductor.