A Deep Learning Based Approach for Traffic Data Imputation

Traffic data is a fundamental component for applications and researches in transportation systems. However, real traffic data collected from loop detectors or other channels often include missing data which affects the relative applications and researches. This paper proposes an approach based on deep learning to impute the missing traffic data. The proposed approach treats the traffic data including observed data and missing data as a whole data item and restores the complete data with the deep structural network. The deep learning approach can discover the correlations contained in the data structure by a layer-wise pre-training and improve the imputation accuracy by conducting a fine-tuning afterwards. We analyze the imputation patterns that can be realized with the proposed approach and conduct a series of experiments. The results show that the proposed approach can keep a stable error under different traffic data missing rate. Deep learning is promising in the field of traffic data imputation.