Effect of Al2O3 on the sintering of garnet-type Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12

It is widely recognized that Al plays a dual role in the fabrication of garnet-type solid electrolytes, i.e., as a dopant that stabilizes the cubic structure and a sintering aid that facilitates the densification. However, the sintering effect of Al2O3 has not been well understood so far because Al is typically "unintentionally" introduced into the sample from the crucible during the fabrication process. In this study, we have investigated the sintering effect of Al on the phase composition, microstructure, and ionic conductivity of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 by using an Al-free crucible and intentionally adding various amounts of gamma-Al2O3. It was found that the densification of Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 occurred via liquid-phase sintering, with evidence of morphology change among different compositions. Among all of the compositions, samples with 0.05 mol Al per unit formula of garnet oxide (i.e., 0.3 wt% Al2O3) exhibited the optimal microstructure and the highest total ionic conductivity of 5 x 10(-4) S cm(-1) at room temperature. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.