A Reconstruction of Total Solar Irradiance Based on Wavelet Analysis

As an important indicator of solar activity, the long-term total solar irradiance (TSI) observations are needed to uncover the impact of solar activity on Earth's climate. In this paper, the periodic variation of TSI and its relationships with sunspot number and Ca II K index are analyzed by using the satellite observation data from 1979 to 2015 and the wavelet method. The results of continuous wavelet analysis show that TSI, sunspot number and Ca II K index all have significant and stable oscillation periods of 9 similar to 13 years and intermittent oscillation periods of 2 similar to 6 months only during the time of intense solar activity. Moreover, the results of cross wavelet analysis indicate that the effect of sunspot number and Ca II K index on TSI is mainly reflected in the period of 9 similar to 13 years with one month phase lag, and sunspot number and Ca II K index cannot explain the TSI variation in the period of 3 similar to 6 months. Under the condition of considering the phase relationship and the model order, the TSI reconstruction model is established and the monthly TSI time series from 1907 to 1978 is restored.