Examining the roles of working memory and visual attention in multiple object tracking expertise

被引:29
|
作者
Harris, David J. [1 ]
Wilson, Mark R. [1 ]
Crowe, Emily M. [2 ]
Vine, Samuel J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Exeter, Sch Sport & Hlth Sci, St Lukes Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, Devon, England
[2] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Human Movement Sci, Amsterdam Movement Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands
关键词
MOT; Perceptual-cognitive expertise; Eye tracking; Gaze; Sport; PERCEPTUAL-COGNITIVE EXPERTISE; GENERAL FLUID INTELLIGENCE; SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; EYE-MOVEMENTS; QUIET EYE; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; CAPACITY; PERFORMANCE; EXPEDITES; CHILDREN;
D O I
10.1007/s10339-020-00954-y
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
When tracking multiple moving targets among visually similar distractors, human observers are capable of distributing attention over several spatial locations. It is unclear, however, whether capacity limitations or perceptual-cognitive abilities are responsible for the development of expertise in multiple object tracking. Across two experiments, we examined the role of working memory and visual attention in tracking expertise. In Experiment 1, individuals who regularly engaged in object tracking sports (soccer and rugby) displayed improved tracking performance, relative to non-tracking sports (swimming, rowing, running) (p = 0.02, eta p2 = 0.163), but no differences in gaze strategy (ps > 0.31). In Experiment 2, participants trained on an adaptive object tracking task showed improved tracking performance (p = 0.005, d = 0.817), but no changes in gaze strategy (ps > 0.07). They did, however, show significant improvement in a working memory transfer task (p < 0.001, d = 0.970). These findings indicate that the development of tracking expertise is more closely linked to processing capacity limits than perceptual-cognitive strategies.
引用
收藏
页码:209 / 222
页数:14
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