Risk Factors Influencing Recovery of Neurosensory Disturbances Following Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors influencing the recovery time of neurosensory disturbances (NSD) following sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Methods: One hundred twenty-seven patients (254 operated sites) underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy due to dentofacial deformities between the period of 2011 and 2017. These patients were followed up for at least 1 year, and the data obtained from changes in sensation of inferior alveolar nerve were recorded subjectively. The subjects were categorized according to age, gender, type of deformity, nerve manipulation, side of the jaw, and the amount of the mandibular movement. The relationship between the above-mentioned parameters, and the recovery time of NSD were investigated. Pearson chi(2) analysis was used, and the value of significance was accepted as P < 0.05. Results: The recovery time of NSD is significantly correlated with the age of the patients, the amount of the mandibular movement (>7 mm), and the nerve manipulation (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant correlation found between the recovery time of NSD and gender, type of deformity, side of the jaw (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The recovery time of NSD may prolong in cases of large amounts of mandibular movements more than 7 mm or the nerve manipulation. The older age may increase the risk of permanent NSD.