Industrial structure has a dual role in economic development which not only can contribute significantly to economic growth, but also may seriously hamper economic development The key lies in that whether the industrial structure is reasonable or not and continuously optimizing the industrial structure is always on the way Based on this theoretical support, the paper which selected three criterions which are the relative output, the comparative labor productivity, the measure of industrial structure deviation made a dynamic and comprehensive analysis of the industrial structure in Hubei Province with the quantitative and qualitative methods in order to reveal its status and adjust its industrial structure