A qualitative system dynamics approach to modeling the causes and effects of design deficiencies in construction projects

Purpose Poor quality of design documents and Design Deficiencies (DDs) are critical factors that can potentially cause time and cost overrun and lead to project failure. Despite the importance of this issue, few studies have been conducted to explore the underlying relations among the causes and effects of DDs, and it is not clear how they exert influence on each other. However, it is imperative to have a clear understanding of their interrelationships so as to devise intervention strategies. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to explore these causes and effects. Design/methodology/approach To this aim, a qualitative system dynamics model was provided to visualize how various factors interact with one another. The model was developed and validated by drawing on the expertise of industry-related experts. The key causes and effects of the DDs were identified through the investigation of the model. Findings It was concluded that design management of project and the composition of design teams are critical. The obtained results also showed that more attention should be paid to the enhancement of knowledge circulation and communication within design firms and increasing the awareness of managers and owners from the technical consequences of their managerial decisions. Research limitations/implications It is worth mentioning that the design process could be deeply affected by the quality, frequency and strength of relationships among the project's parties. Early involvement of contractors, for example, can significantly contribute to enhancing design quality. This study investigates factors' interactions in projects delivered using the traditional design-bid-build method. As relationships between the project's parties could be different in various project delivery methods, further research is indeed needed to assess factors' interactions in projects delivered using other methods. Originality/value It is believed that the proposed model by providing a better insight into the connections of causes and effects could aid project managers of different parties with planning the strategies to reduce DDs and mitigate their effects.