Chemical components and antibacterial activity of Gundelia tournefortii (L.) Compositae/Asteraceae (Iraq, Kurdistan Region, Sulaymaniyah, Penjwin area, "Kokhalan")

Ethyl acetate and hexane extracts of Gundelia tournefortii (L.) (Compositae/Asteraceae family) consist of the following components which are determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both extracts contain 4 expected compounds. Hexane extract involves three components : methyl 14-methylpentadecanoate (27.43%), linoleic acid, methyl ester (42.32%), linolenic acid, methyl ester (29.48%). While one component was found in ethyl acetate extract : spiropentane, butyl (55.91%). The antibacterial activities of ethyl acetate and hexane extracts against pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillas subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsilla pneumonie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were measured using well diffusion methods. Considerable differences in the antibacterial activity of plant extracts were noticed depending on the used bacterial strain or the type and concentration of plant extracts.