Children's Health in Latin America: The Influence of Environmental Exposures

被引：102

作者：

Laborde, Amalia ^{[1
]}

Tomasina, Fernando ^{[1
]}

Bianchi, Fabrizio ^{[2
]}

Brune, Marie-Noel ^{[3
]}

Buka, Irena ^{[4
]}

Comba, Pietro ^{[5
]}

Corra, Lilian ^{[6
,7
]}

Cori, Liliana ^{[2
]}

Duffert, Christin Maria ^{[3
]}

Harari, Raul ^{[8
]}

Iavarone, Ivano ^{[5
]}

McDiarmid, Melissa A. ^{[9
]}

Gray, Kimberly A. ^{[10
]}

Sly, Peter D. ^{[11
]}

Soares, Agnes ^{[12
]}

Suk, William A. ^{[10
]}

Landrigan, Philip J. ^{[13
,14
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Republ Uruguay, Fac Med, Montevideo, Uruguay

[2] CNR, Inst Clin Physiol, Environm Epidemiol Unit, Pisa, Italy

[3] WHO, Environm & Social Determinants Hlth Dept, Dept Publ Hlth, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland

[4] Univ Alberta, Childrens Environm Hlth Ctr, Dept Paediat, Edmonton, AB, Canada

[5] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Environm & Primary Prevent, Environm Epidemiol Unit, I-00161 Rome, Italy

[6] Univ Buenos Aires, Publ Hlth Program, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[7] Blacksmith Inst, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina

[8] IFA Inst Dev Prod & Work Environm, Quito, Ecuador

[9] Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Div Occupat Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA

[10] NIEHS, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA

[11] Univ Queensland, Queensland Childrens Med Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia

[12] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA

[13] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA

[14] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Arnhold Global Hlth Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA

来源：

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES | 2015年 / 123卷 / 03期

关键词：

BLOOD-LEAD LEVELS; CHRONIC ARSENIC EXPOSURE; WASTE RECYCLING TOWN; ELECTRONIC WASTE; AIR-POLLUTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; DRINKING-WATER; INTELLECTUAL FUNCTION; CHILDHOOD-CANCER; GLOBAL BURDEN;

D O I：

10.1289/ehp.1408292

中图分类号：

X [环境科学、安全科学];

学科分类号：

08 ; 0830 ;

摘要：

Background: Chronic diseases are increasing among children in Latin America. Objective and Methods: To examine environmental risk factors for chronic disease in Latin American children and to develop a strategic initiative for control of these exposures, the World Health Organization (WHO) including the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), the Collegium Ramazzini, and Latin American scientists reviewed regional and relevant global data. Results: Industrial development and urbanization are proceeding rapidly in Latin America, and environmental pollution has become widespread. Environmental threats to children's health include traditional hazards such as indoor air pollution and drinking-water contamination; the newer hazards of urban air pollution; toxic chemicals such as lead, asbestos, mercury, arsenic, and pesticides; hazardous and electronic waste; and climate change. The mix of traditional and modern hazards varies greatly across and within countries reflecting industrialization, urbanization, and socioeconomic forces. Conclusions: To control environmental threats to children's health in Latin America, WHO, including PAHO, will focus on the most highly prevalent and serious hazards- indoor and outdoor air pollution, water pollution, and toxic chemicals. Strategies for controlling these hazards include developing tracking data on regional trends in children's environmental health (CEH), building a network of Collaborating Centres, promoting biomedical research in CEH, building regional capacity, supporting development of evidence-based prevention policies, studying the economic costs of chronic diseases in children, and developing platforms for dialogue with relevant stakeholders. Citation: Laborde A, Tomasina F, Bianchi F, Brune MN, Buka I, Comba P, Corra L, Cori L, Duffert CM, Harari R, Iavarone I, McDiarmid MA, Gray KA, Sly PD, Soares A, Suk WA, Landrigan PJ. 2015. Children's health in Latin America: the influence of environmental exposures. Environ Health Perspect 123: 201-209

引用

页码：201 / 209

页数：9

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