TWO FACTORS OF GLOBALIZATION SLOWDOWN: ECONOMY STRUCTURAL CHANGES AND ANTI-GLOBALIZATION POLICY (US EXAMPLE)

The article analyses globalization in relation to current economic and political changes with the emphasis on the U.S.A. Globalization trend strengthened during 20th century culminating in the 1990s, at the millennium turn, however, some contradictory tendencies appeared slowing down its pace. According to the author, two key reasons for the globalization mitigating can be pointed out, namely economic and political. The economic one has rather an objective character of spontaneous economic restructuring. It consists in partial return of manufacturing to "domestic" states, especially to developed countries in reaction to production cost changes as well as technology shifts; the return has been also reflected in the global trade growth weakening. The political reason can be seen in the effort of the developed states to respond to escalating social diversification when economic volatility and uncertainty project to the worsening of the middle-class position. Thus, the states try to maintain domestic manufacturing including higher employment and "fair" worker's income. The U.S. President Trump is the most significant supporter of the policy aimed at that direction. His administration and its supporters even try to revise the post-war trade model based on free trade and inspired by Ricardian theory. Nevertheless, in the author's opinion, most assumptions of Trump's economic policy aimed at stopping globalization are fallacious confronted with the world economy long-term development. In fact, even though globalization has changed its character or even reversed temporally, it will continue in a different mode regardless of individual state policy excesses.