Multi-area Economic Dispatch Using Dynamically Controlled Particle Swarm Optimization

The goal of multi-area economic dispatch (MAED) is lower term resolution of optimal power generations of no. of electricity facilities to cater system demand at lowest feasible cost which can satisfy power balance, generating limit and transmission constraints. The generators watt and var power are controlled within the constraint of the generators' power limit to attain the minimum cost, satisfying the system burden. It is imperative to find an alternative route between two areas to supply spare power if the two areas are such that one of them is having surplus power as compared to other, or tie-line constraint joining the two areas is at transmission line. The power distribution of every unit is done in such that after supplying the total load, some specified reserve is left behind. In this paper, the comparison of classical PSO strategies and their variations for MAED has been accomplished. The ability to handle constraint of these meta-heuristic techniques allows them to produce high-quality solutions. The performance is subjected on a single area 3 generation units, a two area system with 4 generating units and a 4-area, 40-unit system with six tie lines.