Controlling/living polymerization of MMA with RGO/BiVO4 as photoinitiator

In this study, reduced grapheme oxide (RGO)/BiVO4 composite was prepared and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and UV spectrum. Photo-chemically-mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was successfully performed at 25 degrees C in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with RGO/BiVO4 as photoinitiator, FeCl3<bold></bold>6H(2)O/triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as catalyst, and ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate as ATRP initiator. MMAs were polymerized in a controlled manner under ultraviolet (UV) light and sunlight conditions. The results show that a first-order kinetics model was obeyed up to higher conversion. The reaction gave well-controlled PMMA with M-n,M-GPC close to the theoretical value and a narrow MWD (M-w/M-n<1.5). The experiments of light on and off reveal the photoredox cycle between Fe(III) and Fe(II) species. The living character was further verified by the chain extension experiments.