An Examination of the Effects of Distributed Generation on Distribution Systems by Load Flow Analysis

Nowadays, obtaining electrical energy from renewable energy resources has become an important issue, mainly because the increasing demand for electrical energy from fossil sources leads to environmental problems and rapid depletion of these sources. Rapidly developing technology makes efficient production of electrical energy from renewable sources possible, so these sources have become appealing for electrical energy production. Renewable energy sources such as wind and solar have an indefinite production characteristic which leads to instantaneous changes in the power system when they are used. These instantaneous changes can damage the stability of power systems. To eliminate these threats, effective plans must be put in place. With load flow analysis, bus voltages and power flows can be determined for variable loading and production cases. Thus, important information can be obtained for the necessary system planning. In this study, using the Newton-Raphson numerical method, an hourly load flow analysis was performed in a system that included renewable energy resources in addition to continuous energy production, and the daily voltage level and power factor changes of the buses were determined.