Interaction between Hepatitis B Virus and Toll-Like Receptors: Current Status and Potential Therapeutic Use for Chronic Hepatitis B

被引:63
|
作者
Ma, Zhiyong [1 ]
Cao, Qian [1 ]
Xiong, Yong [1 ]
Zhang, Ejuan [2 ]
Lu, Mengji [3 ]
机构
[1] Wuhan Univ, Dept Infect Dis, Zhongnan Hosp, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Virol, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, Peoples R China
[3] Univ Duisburg Essen, Univ Hosp Essen, Inst Virol, D-45122 Essen, Germany
来源
VACCINES | 2018年 / 6卷 / 01期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
hepatitis B virus; toll-like receptors; innate immunity; adaptive immunity; immunotherapy; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; CHRONIC HBV INFECTION; ADJUVANT-CONTAINING VACCINE; NONPARENCHYMAL LIVER-CELLS; T-CELLS; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; CPG-OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDES; IN-VIVO; HEPADNAVIRAL INFECTION;
D O I
10.3390/vaccines6010006
中图分类号
R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];
学科分类号
100102 ;
摘要
Immune defense against infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is complex and involves both host innate and adaptive immune systems. It is well accepted that the development of sufficient HBV-specific T cell and B cell responses are required for controlling an HBV infection. However, the contribution of innate immunity to removing HBV has been explored in recent years. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are recognized as the first line of antiviral immunity because they initiate intracellular signaling pathways to induce antiviral mediators such as interferons (IFNs) and other cytokines. Recent studies show that the activation of TLR-mediated signaling pathways results in a suppression of HBV replication in vitro and in vivo. However, HBV has also evolved strategies to counter TLR responses including the suppression of TLR expression and the blockage of downstream signaling pathways. Antiviral treatment in chronic HBV-infected patients leads to an upregulation of TLR expression and the restoration of its innate antiviral functions. Thus, TLR activation may serve as an additional immunotherapeutic option for treating chronic HBV infection in combination with antiviral treatment.
引用
收藏
页数:14
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