Spillover stabilization in finite-dimensional control and observer design for dissipative evolution equations

We consider the problem of global stabilization of a semilinear dissipative evolution equation by finite-dimensional control with finite-dimensional outputs. Coupling between the system modes occurs directly through the nonlinearity and also through the control influence functions. Similar modal coupling occurs in the infinite-dimensional error dynamics through the nonlinearity and measurements. For both the control and observer designs, rather than decompose the original system into Fourier modes, we consider Lyapunov functions based on the infinite-dimensional dynamics of the state and error systems, respectively. The inner product terms of the Lyapunov derivative are decomposed into Fourier modes. Upper bounds on the terms representing control and observation spillover are obtained. Linear quadratic regulator (LQR) designs are used to stabilize the state and error systems with these upper bounds. Relations between system and LQR design parameters are given to ensure global stability of the state and error dynamics with robustness with respect to control and observation spillover, respectively. It is shown that the control and observer designs can be combined to yield a globally stabilizing compensator. The control and observer designs are numerically demonstrated on the problem of controlling stall in a model of axial compressors.